List of firsts Totally Explained

Everything about List Of Firsts totally explained

This is a list of the first man/woman/object etc., to do something or the first occurrence of an event.

Government

Laws and Constitution

First law written in cuneiform - by Urukagina 2350 BC
First written Constitution-- the oldest modern, national, codified constitution in the world, Summeria, ca 2300 BC
First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America, 1791

Leaders

from Antiquity to the 17th Century

First Emperor of : Qin Shi Huang (ca. 221 BC)

First Emperor of Ancient Rome: Augustus (ca. 27 BC)

First Bishop of Rome to condemn heresy: Anicetus, by forbidding Montanism, also actively opposed the Gnostics and Marcionism

First Bishop of Rome to be called "Pope": Siricius

First antipope: Hippolytus (d. 235)

First pope to adopt a regnal name: Pope John II (b. "Mercurius"; d. 535)

First Tsar (Tzar): Simeon I of Bulgaria (913)

First Christian Monarch of Sweden: Olof Skötkonung (995)

18th Century onwards

First de facto Prime Minister of Great Britain: Robert Walpole (1721)

First official Prime Minister of the United Kingdom: William Pitt the Younger (first term, 1783-1801)

First President of Chile: Manuel Blanco Encalada. (1826)

First Prime Minister of Canada: Sir John A. Macdonald (elected 1867)

First Prime Minister of Sweden: Louis De Geer (1876)

First Prime Minister of Australia: Edmund Barton 1901

First woman elected to the British House of Commons: Constance Georgine, Countess Markiewicz, December 1918 General Election (did not take her seat)(External Link

)

First woman to take a seat in the House of Commons: Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor, by-election, 28 November 1919 (External Link

)

First female Acting President: ť *Unofficial: Edith Bolling Galt Wilson, United States (1919)

*Official: Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa, Mongolia (1953)

First non-royal female head of state: Chairman Khertek Anchimaa-Toka, Tuvinian People's Republic (1940)

First female Prime Minister: Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka (1960)

First woman with the title of President: Isabel Perón

First female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom: Margaret Thatcher (1979)

First democratically elected female head of state: Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President of Iceland (1980)

First President of Slovenia: Milan Kučan. (1990)

First black President of South Africa: Nelson Mandela. (1994)

First female head of state elected in Africa: Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf as President of Liberia (16 January, 2006)

First female President of Chile: Michelle Bachelet (2006)

First female President of India: Smt. Pratibha Patil elected July 25, 2007

in Canada

First Prime Minister to die in office: Sir John A. Macdonald, 3rd Canadian Ministry (d. 6 June, 1891)

First Prime Minister born in Canada: Sir John Abbott (b. St-Andre-Est, Lower Canada, 12 March 1821; elected 1891)

First French-Canadian Prime Minister: Sir Wilfrid Laurier (elected 1896)

First Prime Minister born in the Dominion of Canada (after Confederation): Arthur Meighen (b. Anderson, Ontario, 16 June, 1874)

First Canadian-born Governor General of Canada: Vincent Massey (appointed 1952)

First French-Canadian Governor General: Georges Vanier (appointed 1959)

First female Governor General: Jeanne Sauvé (appointed 1984)

First female Prime Minister: Kim Campbell (appointed 1993)

First visible minority: Adrienne Clarkson (appointed 1999)

First Prime Minister born a Canadian citizen: Kim Campbell (b. 10 March, 1947)

Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada

First female Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada: Beverley McLachlin (appointed 2000)

First female Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada: Bertha Wilson (appointed 1982)

in the United States of America

ť See main article List of firsts in the United States

Crime and Punishment

First recorded victim of the punishment of hanging, drawing and quartering: Dafydd ap Gruffydd. October 3, 1283

First person to be executed by the guillotine: Nicolas J. Pelletier, highwayman. April 25, 1792

First death by electric chair: William Kemmler, 1890.

First instance of a murder captured live on television: Jack Ruby killing Lee Harvey Oswald. November 24, 1963. (See ).

First commercial airliner to be hijacked : Miss Macao, owned by Cathay Pacific, on a flight from Macau to Hong Kong, 16 July, 1948

Society and economy

First banknote: Issued by Stockholm Banco, Sweden, in 1661.

First civil union between a same-sex couple: Axel and Eigil Axgil, Denmark in 1989.

First same-sex marriages: Four couples in Amsterdam, The Netherlands on April 1, 2001.

War

First battle between steamships: Battle of Hampton Roads, March 8, 1862.

First bomb dropped from aircraft: By Italian army in Libya, November 1, 1911.

Travel and Exploration

ť See also List of circumnavigations.

First crossing of the Atlantic Ocean: Leif Ericson, around 1010

First crossing of the Pacific Ocean: Ferdinand Magellan, 1520-21.

First people to reach the South Pole: Roald Amundsen and his party - Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, and Oscar Wisting. December 14, 1911

First (and only, as of 2008) people to reach the deepest point on the surface of the earth, the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean: Jacques Piccard and Lieutenant Don Walsh on the Bathyscaphe Trieste. January 23, 1960

First people to scale K2, the world's second-highest peak: Lino Lacedelli and Achille Compagnoni of the party led by Ardito Desio and Mario Puchoz. July 29, 1954

First mother and son to row any ocean: Janice Meek and Daniel Byles, (1998)

First Shipwreck: see oldest shipwreck

Rail transport

First inter-city steam-powered railway: Liverpool and Manchester Railway.

First public electric railway: Germany, 1881.

Aviation

First person in flight: Bartolomeu de Gusmão in a balloon filled with heated air at the hall of the Casa da India in Lisbon. August 8, 1709. (However, this claim isn't generally recognized by aviation historians outside the Portuguese speaking community, in particular the FAI.)

First recorded manned flight: In a hot air balloon built by the Montgolfier brothers and piloted by Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and Francois Laurent (the Marquis of d'Arlanders), from the Château de la Muette to the Butte-aux-Cailles, Paris. November 21 1783.

First aviation disaster: When the town of Tullamore, County Offaly, Ireland was seriously damaged when the crash of a balloon resulted in a fire that burned down about 100 houses. May 1785.

First victims of an air crash: Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and Pierre Romain, when their Rozière balloon deflated and crashed to the ground near Wimereux in the Pas-de-Calais. 15 June 1785.

First person to die in a crash of a powered airplane: Thomas Selfridge. September 17, 1908

First people to reach the stratosphere: Auguste Piccard and Paul Kipfer in a balloon. May 27, 1931.

First non-stop flight around the Earth: Bertrand Piccard and Brian Jones, from Château d'Oex, Switzerland to Egypt, on board the balloon Breitling Orbiter 3. Between March 1, 1999 and March 20, 1999, taking a total time of 19 days, 21 hours and 47 minutes.

First solo non-stop flight around the Earth: Steve Fossett — from Northam, Western Australia to Queensland, Australia, on a 10-story high balloon Spirit of Freedom. Between June 19, 2002 and July 3, 2002, taking a total time of 13 days, 8 hours, 33 minutes.

First non-stop fixed-wing aircraft flight around the Earth: Steve Fossett — from Salina, Kansas eastbound and back, on a Virgin Atlantic Global Flyer. Between February 28, 2005 and March 3, 2005, taking a total time of 67 hours, 1 minute, 10 second.

First non-stop trans-Atlantic flight: Alcock and Brown — St. John's, Newfoundland to a bog near Clifden, Ireland, 14-15 June, 1919

First trans-Pacific solo flight in a balloon: Steve Fossett — from South Korea to Leader, Saskatchewan, Canada. February 21, 1995

First gas balloon flight: Professor Jacques Charles and Nicholas Louis Robert, in a hydrogen-filled balloon, from Paris to Nesle December 1 1783.

First flight in an engine-driven airship: Alberto Santos Dumont in a balloon powered by an internal combustion engine. 1898.

First flight across the English Channel: Jean-Pierre Blanchard and John Jeffries, in a balloon. January 7 1785.

Geographic North Pole

First to reach the Geographic North Pole: there are two claimants, Frederick Cook, accompanied by two Inuit men, Ahwelah and Etukishook, on April 21, 1908 and Robert Edwin Peary and his employee Matthew Henson and four Inuit men Ootah, Seegloo, Egingway, and Ooqueah on April 9, 1909. Neither claim is widely accepted today.

First people to sight it: Roald Amundsen and his sponsor Lincoln Ellsworth from an aircraft piloted by Umberto Nobile, between 11 May and 13 May, 1926

First people to reach it: Aleksandr Kuznetsov (Soviet Union) and others, landed by plane, April 23, 1948 - a better claim than Lt. Col. Joseph O. Fletcher and Lt. William P. Benedict, who landed their plane on May 3, 1952

First naval vessel to reach it: the USS Nautilus (SSN-571). August 3, 1958

First to reach the North Pole by surface travel: team led by Sir Wally Herbert. 1968-69

First (confirmed) surface conquest: Ralph Plaisted. April 19, 1968

First confirmed expedition to reach the North Pole without resupply: Will Steger International Polar Expedition. May 1, 1986. Team members were: Paul Schurke, Brent Boddy, Richard Weber, Geoff Carroll, Ann Bancroft and a team of 21 dogs. Brent Boddy & Richard Weber became the first Canadians to reach the North Pole on foot while Ann Bancroft became the first woman to trek to the Pole.

First surface crossing of the Arctic Ocean on skis: Polar Bridge expedition, 1988, the Soviet-Canadian transpolar ski expedition that crossed 1800 kilometres of Arctic Ocean from Northern Siberia to Ellesmere Island National Park Reserve in Canada, via the North Pole. First surface crossing of the Arctic Ocean on skis. Richard Weber (Canadian team leader) became the first person to reach the North Pole from both sides of the Arctic Ocean.

First hot air balloon flight launched from the North Pole: Global Concern Expedition lead by Richard Weber. 1989

First attempt to journey to the North Pole and return using only human resources: 1992 Weber Malakhov Expedition. Richard Weber and Mikhail (Misha) Malakhov departed from Ward Hunt on March 13. Eighty-five days later, on June 14, they reached 89 degrees 39. With only 39 kilometers short of the Pole, they'd to make the decision to turn back if they wanted to have any hope of returning to Ward Hunt. On June 21, due to the lack of ice, they were picked up by an airplane and brought back to safety.

First commercial North Pole Expedition: Weber Malakhov North Pole Dash.1993 Richard Weber and Dr. Mikhail (Misha) Malakhov pioneered the first commercial North Pole expedition. Today numerous companies take more than 100 people annually to the Pole.

First confirmed journey to the North Pole and return using only human resources: 1995 Weber Malakhov Expedition. Richard Weber and Dr. Mikhail (Misha) Malakhov became the first to reach the North Pole and return to their starting point on land (Ward Hunt, Canada), with no outside help, no dogs, air planes, or re-supplies. They departed Ward Hunt on February 14 and reached the Pole eighty one days later, on May 12. On June 15, they were back at Ward Hunt establishing a record of 108 days for the longest unsupported polar journey. They are the only people to have reached the Pole four times.

First time that an all women group has reached the pole from a Russian based departure: Women Quest 2001 guided by Josée Auclair. April 2001.

First persons to reach the North Pole during the Arctic winter: Borge Ousland and Mike Horn. March 23, 2006

First reigning monarch to reach it: Albert II, Prince of Monaco. Easter Sunday, 16 April, 2006

First expedition to reach the North Pole on snowshoes exclusively: April 26, 2006 North Pole Classic. Richard Weber guided Conrad Dickinson to the North Pole with no re-supplies. This was Richard Weber’s fifth full North Pole expedition. He has trekked to the North Pole more than anyone in history.

On 21 February 2007 HRH Prince Edward announced the first British Army Expedition the Geographic North Pole, to be led by Captain Andrew Cooney (the youngest person to walk to the South Pole) www.northpole08.com.

First to dive to geographic North Pole sea bottom: Arktika 2007 expedition on August 2, 2007, by two MIR submarines. Crew members were: Arthur Chilingarov, Anatoly Sagalevich and Vladimir Gruzdev on MIR-1; Yevgeny Chernyaev, Mike McDowell and Frederik Paulsen on MIR-2.

First American morning news show to reach the North Pole: Today show reached by Matt Lauer

Magnetic North Pole

First woman to reach the magnetic North Pole solo: Helen Thayer (1988)

First mother and son to reach any Pole by foot: Janice Meek and Daniel Byles, (2007)

First expedition to reach the Magnetic North Pole by automobile: Jeremy Clarkson and James May, (2007) as shown on a special episode of BBC's Top Gear where the two presenters reached the Pole in a Toyota Hilux pickup truck, specially modified by Arctic Trucks in Iceland. The two were accompanied by seven others, including the camera and sound crew, two Icelandic mechanics (Hjalti Hjaltason and Haraldur Pétursson), and a soldier of unstated nationality in two other specially modified vehicles.

Mount Everest

First recorded deaths on Mount Everest: 7 Sherpas die in avalanche in 1922

First successful summit (via the South-East Ridge Route) Tenzing Norgay & Sir Edmund Hillary 29 May 1953

First successful summit via the North Ridge by a Chinese team on 25 May 1960

First ascent of the West Ridge on 22 May 1963 Willi Unsoeld and Tom Hornbein. Also the first traverse of the South East Ridge

First person to summit Everest twice: Nawang Gombu Sherpa (20 May 1965)

First woman to summit is Junko Tabei of Japan (16 May 1975) via the South-East Ridge

First woman to summit from the North (Tibetan) side is a Tibetan woman named Phantog

First summit from the South West face on 24 September 1975 are Dougal Haston and Doug Scott

First ascent without bottled oxygen is by Peter Habeler (Austria) and Reinhold Messner (Italy) (8 May 1978)

First woman to die on Everest: Hannelore Schmatz, after becoming the 4th woman to summit Everest

First Winter ascent is by Krzysztof Wielicki of Poland (17 February 1980)

First person to summit Everest solo Reinhold Messner (20 August 1980)

First woman to climb without oxygen was Lydia Bradey of New Zealand (14 November 1988)

First true ski descent by Davo Karničar of Slovenia (7 October 2000)

First snowboard descent by Marco Siffredi

First blind person to Summit Everest is Erik Weihenmayer (2000)

First North Face ski descent by Tormod Granheim (2006)

First successful summit after a severe case of HAPE: Brian Smith (2007)

Beyond the Earth

First artificial satellite launched into orbit: Sputnik 1 (1957)

First animal in space: fruit flies, 1946

First animal to orbit Earth: Laika (1957)

First man in space: Yuri Gagarin (1961)

First woman in space: Valentina Tereshkova (1963)

First civilian in space: Valentina Tereshkova (1963)

First spacewalk: Aleksei Leonov (1965)

First human to walk on the Moon: Neil Armstrong (see Apollo 11) (1969)

First woman to perform a space walk: Svetlana Savitskaya (1984)

First manned private spaceflight: SpaceShipOne piloted by Mike Melvill June 21, 2004

First spacecraft to orbit Saturn: Cassini-Huygens July 1, 2004

First African-American woman in space: Mae C. Jemison September 12, 1992

Science, Discoveries, Inventions, and Innovations

First woman officially recognized for a scientific position: Caroline Herschel, as astronomer Sir William Herschel's assistant, 1787

First comet discovered by a woman: Discovered by Caroline Herschel, August 1, 1786

First permanent photograph:, taken by Nicéphore Niépce, June or July, 1826 or 1827.

First permanent color photograph:, taken by James Clerk Maxwell, 1861.

First successful creation of soda water: by Joseph Priestley, 1796

First skyscraper - Woolworth Building, New York City, 57 floors high (792 feet or 241 meters), opened on April 24, 1913.

First steerable balloon (also known as a dirigible): By Henri Giffard, 1852.

First tethered balloon for passengers: developed by Henri Giffard in the Tuileries Garden in Paris. 1878.

First man-made object to reach the stratosphere: Shell fired from the Paris Gun, used during World War I.

First picture taken of the earth's curvature: By Alexander Dahl travelling in an open hydrogen gas balloon. August 31, 1933.

Natural History

First homo sapiens: the Omo Remains include Omo I, the earliest known fossils of Homo sapiens (idaltu), dated to around 190,000 years ago.(External Link

) This is considerably older than the 160,000-year-old Herto remains, which had been thought to be the earliest humans, and suggests that, if humans did originate in Africa as is currently thought, they didn't expand from there for much longer than previously thought.

First European child born in the New World: Snorri Þorfinnsson

First observed transit of a planet across the sun, Mercury, by Pierre Gassendi in 1631.

First international scientific collaboration: Observation of the transit of Venus 1761 and 1769

First confirmation of extrasolar planets: Three bodies orbiting PSR B1257+12 by Aleksander Wolszczan and Dale Frail in 1992.

First confirmation of an active volcanic eruption occurring on a seamount: by scientists at the University of Hawai‘i on Lo‘ihi in 1996

Life Sciences

First vaccination: smallpox, Edward Jenner, 1796

First whole-body scanner and x-ray machine: Dayton Miller (Case School of Applied Science), Cleveland, Ohio, 1896

First blood transfusion: conducted by Dr. George Crile, Cleveland, Ohio (1905)

First "test-tube baby": Louise Brown, born July 25, 1978 in England.

First official recognition of AIDS: Centers for Disease Control issued a report describing five cases in Los Angeles. June 5, 1981

First person to be convicted by the process of DNA fingerprinting: Colin Pitchfork. 1988

First person to be by the process of DNA fingerprinting: Richard Buckland. 1988

First animal cloned from a somatic cell: Dolly, a sheep born on July 5, 1996.

First face transplant: Isabelle Dinoire, November 5, 2005.

First person to have both a mother and father who have travelled into space: Elena Andrianovna, daughter of Valentina Tereshkova and Andriyan Nikolayev.

Heart

First heart defibrillation: conducted by Dr. Claude Beck, Cleveland, Ohio (1947)

First artificial pacemaker implant into a human: By a Swedish team using a pacemaker designed by Rune Elmqvist working under the direction of Åke Senning, 1958. The patient was Arne Larsson.

First coronary artery bypass surgery: conducted by Dr. Rene Favaloro, Cleveland, Ohio (1967)

First heart transplant: First attempted by James Hardy, but the lack of a human donor forced him to transplant a chimpanzee heart instead, which failed shortly after. The first successful transplant was performed by Christiaan Barnard on December 3, 1967.

First artificial pacemaker implant into an infant: Into Jason A. Haines when he was 16 hours old, July 26, 1974.

Commodities

First bottled food: in 1809 the French confectioner Nicolas François Appert developed a method of vacuum-sealing food inside glass jars

First canned food: issued by the French Army

First can-opener: invented 30 years after the first canned food

Traffic Lights

First traffic lights installed (gas lamp) : outside Houses of Parliament, London. December 10, 1868

First traffic lights installed (electric) : by Salt Lake City policeman Lester Wire. 1912

First traffic signal system installed: by the American Traffic Signal Company on the corner of 105th Street and Euclid Avenue in Cleveland, Ohio. August 5, 1914

First three-color traffic lights installed: in New York and Detroit. 1920

First automatic traffic lights installed: in Wolverhampton, England. 1927

Nuclear weapons

First nuclear weapon detonation: Atom bomb named "The gadget" during the "Trinity test" near Alamogordo, New Mexico, July 16, 1945

First nuclear weapon detonation used in war: Atom bomb named "Little Boy" during World War II on Hiroshima, Japan, August 6, 1945

Information and Communications Technology

Communication satellite firsts: Main article: List of communications satellite firsts

First telecommunications system: Claude Chappe's semaphore lines. Between Paris and Lille in 1792

First telephone message: Alexander Graham Bell in 1876: "Mr. Watson--come here--I want to see you." (External Link

)

First official adhesive postage stamp: The Penny Black, 1 May, 1840

First trans-Atlantic wireless signal: the letter "S" in Morse code, by Guglielmo Marconi, sent from Poldhu, Cornwall, to St. John's, Newfoundland, 12 December, 1901

Computers, the Internet, and the World Wide Web

First case of an algorithm written for a computer: Ada Byron's notes on the analytical engine written in 1842

First programmer: Ada Lovelace (1815-1852)

First programmable digital computer: Z3, 1941

First programmable electronic computer: Colossus, 1943

First all electronic computer system that worked and continued to work for a decade ENIAC Unveiled 1946

First e-mail: started around 1965

First e-mail spam: sent using CTSS MAIL about 1971, at a time of campus unrest and anti-war rallies in the USA

First video game console: Magnavox Odyssey, 1975

First reigning monarch to e-mail: sent by Queen Elizabeth II from a British army base in 1976

First e-commerce business Boston Computer Exchange uploads database of computers for sale to Delphi online service March 4, 1983

First e-mail correspondence between heads of government: Carl Bildt (Sweden) and Bill Clinton (United States) in 1992

First book about the web: Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog (1992) by Ed Krol, had a whole chapter devoted to the web

First web portal to do advertising: Global Network Navigator founded by Tim O'Reilly and Dale Dougherty, 1993

First advertisement on the internet: by Heller, Ehrman, White and McAuliffe on the Global Network Navigator website, 1993

First usage of a webcam: Trojan room coffee pot, 1991

First photographic image on the Web: Les Horribles Cernettes, 1992

First electronic payment over the Internet: PaySafe, 1992

First instant messaging service: ICQ released in November, 1996

Sports

First person to drive an automobile across the US in winter and from New York City to Paris France winning The Great Auto Race 22,000 mile course in 169 days/13,341 miles driven: George Schuster, (1908)

First human to run a mile under 4 minutes: Roger Bannister, (1954)

First person to swim the English Channel: Matthew Webb, (1875)

First woman to swim the English Channel: Gertrude Ederle, (1926)

First person to complete a long distance swim in all 5 oceans of the world: Lewis Gordon Pugh, (2005/2006)

First free diver to descend 100 metres (330 feet) in water: Jacques Mayol, November 23, 1976

First Olympian disqualified for drug use: Hans-Gunnar Liljenwall at the 1968 Summer Olympics

First bungee jump: by four members of the Dangerous Sports Club led by David Kirke, from the 250ft Clifton Suspension Bridge in Bristol. 1 April, 1979

First woman to bicycle around the world: Annie Londonderry, (1895)

First auto race in the United States: Held on the grounds of Belcourt Castle, Newport, Rhode Island, 1899

First black person to coach a professional ice hockey team: John Paris Jr. of the International Hockey League's Atlanta Knights (1994).

Soccer (Football)

First soccer player to be knighted: Sir Stanley Matthews, (1965)

First soccer player to take a penalty shootout: George Best, in the semi-finals of the Watney Cup, England (1970)

First soccer player to miss a penalty shootout: Dennis Law, in the semi-finals of the Watney Cup, England (1970)

First major soccer tournament to be settled by a penalty shootout - UEFA European Football Championship 1976, Czechoslovakia vs. West Germany (a penalty score of 5-3 respectively)

First soccer World Cup match to be decided by a penalty shootout: the 1982 semi-finals between West Germany and France (a penalty score of 5-4 respectively)

First soccer World Cup final match to be decided by a penalty shootout: 1994 final between Brazil and Italy, at Pasadena, California (a penalty score of 3-2 respectively).

Culture

First man or woman in mythology: see First man or woman

First person to wear a bikini: Micheline Bernardini. July 5 1946

First officially recorded instance of wearing of high heels: Catherine de' Medici, Queen of France, on her wedding. October 28, 1533

First person to make a television broadcast from space: Andriyan Nikolayev, August 1962.

Film

First feature-length sound film: The Jazz Singer (1927 film)

First black-and-white film to be colorized: Topper in 1985 (the original film was released in 1937)

First lesbian-themed film: Mädchen in Uniform directed by Leontine Sagan and scriptwritten by Christa Winsloe. Germany, 1931

First woman to appear nude in a motion picture: Audrey Munson as a sculptor's model in Inspiration, 1915

First nude scene in German filmmaking: Performed by Hildegard Knef for the character of Marina in Die Sünderin (The Sinner), 1950

First feature-length computer-generated imagery film: Toy Story, 1995

First fictional feature film shot with a mobile phone to premiere at major film festivals: Why Didn't Anybody Tell Me It Would Become This Bad in Afghanistan, 2007

First actor to portray Superman on screen: Kirk Alyn in the movie serial Superman. 1948.

Literature

First novel in English: Several works of literature have each been claimed as the first novel in English. See First novel in English.

First novel about invasion: The Battle of Dorking (1871), by George Tomkyns Chesney.

First novel about spies: The Riddle of the Sands (1903), by Erskine Childers or The Spy, by James Fennimore Cooper (1821) (depends on your source and interpretation).

First novel whose manuscript was type written: Life on the Mississippi (published 1883) by Mark Twain.

First American novel: The Power of Sympathy, by William Hill Brown.

First realistic novel and first novel in Spanish: Don Quixote, by Miguel de Cervantes

Music

First woman to write a #1 Country Music hit: Jenny Lou Carson - 1945 "You Two-time Me Once Too Often".

By country

India: see List of firsts in India

Sweden: see List of firsts in Sweden

United States: see List of firsts in the United StatesFurther Information

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